Brazil 
Facts
Population:
174,468,575
note:
Brazil took an intercensal count in August 1996 which reported a population of 157,079,573; that figure was about 5% lower than projections by the US Census Bureau, which is close to the implied underenumeration of 4.6% for the 1991 census; estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years:
28.57% (male 25,390,039; female 24,449,902)
15-64 years:
65.98% (male 56,603,895; female 58,507,289)
65 years and over:
5.45% (male 3,857,564; female 5,659,886) (2001 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.91% (2001 est.)
Birth rate:
18.45 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Death rate:
9.34 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Net migration rate:
-0.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female
total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
36.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
63.24 years
male:
58.96 years
female:
67.73 years (2001 est.)
Total fertility rate:
2.09 children born/woman (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.57% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
540,000 (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
18,000 (1999 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Brazilian(s)
adjective:
Brazilian
Ethnic groups:
white (includes Portuguese, German, Italian, Spanish, Polish) 55%, mixed white and black 38%, black 6%, other (includes Japanese, Arab, Amerindian) 1%
Religions:
Roman Catholic (nominal) 80%
Languages:
Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, French
Literacy:
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
83.3%
male:
83.3%
female:
83.2% (1995 est.)
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $1.13 trillion (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
4.2% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $6,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture:
9%
industry:
29%
services:
62% (1999 est.)
Population below poverty line:
17.4% (1990 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:
1%
highest 10%:
47.6% (1996)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
6% (2000)
Labor force:
79 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
services 53.2%, agriculture 23.1%, industry 23.7%
Unemployment rate:
7.1% (2000 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$151 billion
expenditures:
$149 billion, including capital expenditures of $36 billion (1998)
Industries:
textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and equipment
Industrial production growth rate:
6.9% (2000 est.)
Electricity - production:
337.44 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel:
5.28%
hydro:
90.66%
nuclear:
1.12%
other:
2.94% (1999)
Electricity - consumption:
353.674 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports:
5 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports:
39.86 billion kWh
note:
supplied by Paraguay (1999)
Agriculture - products:
coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, citrus; beef
Exports:
$55.1 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities:
manufactures, iron ore, soybeans, footwear, coffee
Exports - partners:
US 23%, Argentina 11%, Germany 5%, Netherlands 5%, Japan 5% (1999)
Imports:
$55.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, chemical products, oil, electricity
Imports - partners:
US 24%, Argentina 12%, Germany 10%, Japan 5%, Italy 5% (1999)
Debt - external:
$232 billion (2000)
Economic aid - recipient:
NA
Currency:
real (BRL)
Currency code:
BRL
Exchange rates:
reals per US dollar - 1.954 (January 2001), 1.830 (2000), 1.815 (1999), 1.161 (1998), 1.078 (1997), 1.005 (1996)
note:
from October 1994 through 14 January 1999, the official rate was determined by a managed float; since 15 January 1999, the official rate floats independently with respect to the US dollar
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Statistics: CIA World Factbook.
Press
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Displaying 1 to 7 of 36 items.
Afinal
(Centrist weekly), São Paulo
(Independent), São Paulo
http://agenciacartamaior.uol.com.br
(cultural weekly), São Paulo
http://bravonline.uol.com.br/
(weekly celebrity magazine), São Paulo
http://www.caras.com.br
(left-wing monthly),
http://www.carosamigos.com.br
(Left-wing magazine), São Paulo
http://www.cartacapital.com.br
(Science monthly), São Paulo
http://www.uol.com.br/cienciahoje/
Brazil in the News
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Displaying 25 to 28 of 40 items.
On May 1, International Labor Day, Brazil’s beloved pop-star president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, told a church gathering that a historic day had come. The day he referred to was April 30, when Lula and 27 government officials delivered a proposal to Congress to constitutionally amend public pension and social-security laws.
President Luiz Inácio Lula Da Silva has proven to be a capable executive and is becoming a model for the Latin American democratic left, Sylvie Duchamp writes in an article for Colombia's Revista Cambio.
Latin American journalists greeted the ambitious reforms to the Mercosur trade bloc that Argentine President Néstor Kirchner proposed to Latin American leaders gathered in Asunción on June 18 with a mixture of hope and skepticism. We review comment from Quito, Asunción, Montevideo, Buenos Aires, Caracas, and Tegucigalpa.
Latin American countries that opposed war in Iraq at the U.N. Security Council are feeling an economic backlash. World Press Review contributing editor Robert Taylor surveys the regional press.
Americas 
