China 
Facts
Population: 1,321,851,888 (July 2007 est.).
Age structure: 0-14 years: 20.4% (male 143,527,634/female 126,607,344)
15-64 years: 71.7% (male 487,079,770/female 460,596,384)
65 years and over: 7.9% (male 49,683,856/female 54,356,900) (2007 est.).
Population growth rate: 0.606% (2007 est.).
Birth rate: 13.45 births/1,000 population (2007 est.).
Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.).
Net migration rate: -0.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.).
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.134 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.057 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.914 male(s)/female
total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2007 est.).
Infant mortality rate: total: 22.12 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 20.01 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 24.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.).
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 72.88 years
male: 71.13 years
female: 74.82 years (2007 est.).
Total fertility rate: 1.75 children born/woman (2007 est.).
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (2003 est.).
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 840,000 (2003 est.).
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 44,000 (2003 est.).
Nationality: noun: Chinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Chinese.
Ethnic groups: Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1%.
Religions: Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2%
note: officially atheist (2002 est.).
Languages: Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry).
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90.9%
male: 95.1%
female: 86.5% (2000 census).
GDP (purchasing power parity): $10.17 trillion (2006 est.).
GDP - real growth rate: 10.7% (official data) (2006 est.).
GDP - per capita (PPP): $7,700 (2006 est.).
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 11.9%
industry: 48.1%
services: 40%
note: industry includes construction (2006 est.).
Labor force: 798 million (2006 est.).
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 45%
industry: 24%
services: 31% (2005 est.).
Population below poverty line: 10% (2004 est.).
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 1.8%
highest 10%: 33.1% (2001).
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.5% (2006 est.).
Unemployment rate: 4.2% official registered unemployment in urban areas in 2005; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2005).
Budget: revenues: $446.6 billion
expenditures: $489.6 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.).
Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish.
Industries: mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites.
Industrial production growth rate: 22.9% (2006 est.).
Electricity - production: 2.5 trillion kWh (2005).
Electricity - consumption: 2.494 trillion kWh (2005).
Electricity - exports: 11.2 billion kWh (2005).
Electricity - imports: 5 billion kWh (2005).
Exports: $974 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).
Exports - commodities: machinery and equipment, plastics, optical and medical equipment, iron and steel.
Exports - partners: US 21.4%, Hong Kong 16.3%, Japan 11%, South Korea 4.6%, Germany 4.3% (2005).
Imports: $777.9 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).
Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, oil and mineral fuels, plastics, optical and medical equipment, organic chemicals, iron and steel.
Imports - partners: Japan 15.2%, South Korea 11.6%, Taiwan 11.2%, US 7.4%, Germany 4.6% (2005).
Debt - external: $305.6 billion (2006 est.).
Economic aid - recipient: $NA.
Currency (code): yuan (CNY); note - also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB).
Exchange rates: yuan per US dollar - 7.97 (2006), 8.1943 (2005), 8.2768 (2004), 8.277 (2003), 8.277 (2002).
Fiscal year: calendar year.
Statistics: C.I.A. World Factbook. Updated: July 20, 2007.
Press
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21CN Business Herald
(Pro-government weekly), Guangzhou
Hong Kong
http://www.atnext.com/new/index.cfm
Arts and Literature
(Government-owned), Beijing
Asia Magazine
(Independent regional biweekly), Hong Kong
(English-language), Hong Kong
http://www.atimes.com
Asia, Inc.
(Business monthly), Hong Kong
(Independent monthly), Hong Kong
http://www.asianbusinessnet.com/
China in the News
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Displaying 33 to 36 of 91 items.
As part of his Asian tour, Bush made a three-day trip to China, where he called for broader “social, political and religious freedoms,” while at the same time hoping to strengthen relations with his counterpart, Hu Jintao.
Countries around the world have taken preventive measures against a potential outbreak of bird flu, which has killed more than 60 people in Southeast Asia since it was first discovered in 2003.
Many observers contend that the maneuvers were meant to send a clear message to the United States, Japan, and the rest of the world. Comment and analysis from Taipei, London, Singapore and Tokyo.
Following weeks of bitter protests by Chinese demonstrators remonstrating against Japanese wartime atrocities, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi has moved to heal the rift between the two nations by apologizing for Japan’s World War II record in a speech at the Asia-Africa leaders summit held last week in Jakarta, Indonesia.
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