China

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Facts

Population: 1,321,851,888 (July 2007 est.).

Age structure: 0-14 years: 20.4% (male 143,527,634/female 126,607,344) 15-64 years: 71.7% (male 487,079,770/female 460,596,384) 65 years and over: 7.9% (male 49,683,856/female 54,356,900) (2007 est.).

Population growth rate: 0.606% (2007 est.).

Birth rate: 13.45 births/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Net migration rate: -0.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Sex ratio: at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.134 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.057 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.914 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2007 est.).

Infant mortality rate: total: 22.12 deaths/1,000 live births male: 20.01 deaths/1,000 live births female: 24.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.).

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 72.88 years male: 71.13 years female: 74.82 years (2007 est.).

Total fertility rate: 1.75 children born/woman (2007 est.).

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (2003 est.).

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 840,000 (2003 est.).

HIV/AIDS - deaths: 44,000 (2003 est.).

Nationality: noun: Chinese (singular and plural) adjective: Chinese.

Ethnic groups: Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1%.

Religions: Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2% note: officially atheist (2002 est.).

Languages: Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry).

Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90.9% male: 95.1% female: 86.5% (2000 census).

GDP (purchasing power parity): $10.17 trillion (2006 est.).

GDP - real growth rate: 10.7% (official data) (2006 est.).

GDP - per capita (PPP): $7,700 (2006 est.).

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 11.9% industry: 48.1% services: 40% note: industry includes construction (2006 est.).

Labor force: 798 million (2006 est.).

Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 45% industry: 24% services: 31% (2005 est.).

Population below poverty line: 10% (2004 est.).

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 1.8% highest 10%: 33.1% (2001).

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1.5% (2006 est.).

Unemployment rate: 4.2% official registered unemployment in urban areas in 2005; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2005).

Budget: revenues: $446.6 billion expenditures: $489.6 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.).

Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish.

Industries: mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites.

Industrial production growth rate: 22.9% (2006 est.).

Electricity - production: 2.5 trillion kWh (2005).

Electricity - consumption: 2.494 trillion kWh (2005).

Electricity - exports: 11.2 billion kWh (2005).

Electricity - imports: 5 billion kWh (2005).

Exports: $974 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Exports - commodities: machinery and equipment, plastics, optical and medical equipment, iron and steel.

Exports - partners: US 21.4%, Hong Kong 16.3%, Japan 11%, South Korea 4.6%, Germany 4.3% (2005).

Imports: $777.9 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, oil and mineral fuels, plastics, optical and medical equipment, organic chemicals, iron and steel.

Imports - partners: Japan 15.2%, South Korea 11.6%, Taiwan 11.2%, US 7.4%, Germany 4.6% (2005).

Debt - external: $305.6 billion (2006 est.).

Economic aid - recipient: $NA.

Currency (code): yuan (CNY); note - also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB).

Exchange rates: yuan per US dollar - 7.97 (2006), 8.1943 (2005), 8.2768 (2004), 8.277 (2003), 8.277 (2002).

Fiscal year: calendar year.