Ethiopia

Map of Ethiopia

Flag of Ethiopia

Facts

Population: 76,511,887 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2007 est.).

Age structure: 0-14 years: 43.4% (male 16,657,155/female 16,553,812) 15-64 years: 53.8% (male 20,558,026/female 20,639,076) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 953,832/female 1,149,986) (2007 est.).

Population growth rate: 2.272% (2007 est.).

Birth rate: 37.39 births/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Death rate: 14.67 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: repatriation of Ethiopian refugees residing in Sudan is expected to continue for several years; some Sudanese, Somali, and Eritrean refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, continue to return to their homes (2007 est.).

Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.006 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.996 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.829 male(s)/female total population: 0.995 male(s)/female (2007 est.).

Infant mortality rate: total: 91.92 deaths/1,000 live births male: 101.57 deaths/1,000 live births female: 81.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.).

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 49.23 years male: 48.06 years female: 50.44 years (2007 est.).

Total fertility rate: 5.1 children born/woman (2007 est.).

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 4.4% (2003 est.).

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 1.5 million (2003 est.).

HIV/AIDS - deaths: 120,000 (2003 est.).

Nationality: noun: Ethiopian(s) adjective: Ethiopian.

Ethnic groups: Oromo 32.1%, Amara 30.1%, Tigraway 6.2%, Somalie 5.9%, Guragie 4.3%, Sidama 3.5%, Welaita 2.4%, other 15.4% (1994 census).

Religions: Christian 60.8% (Orthodox 50.6%, Protestant 10.2%), Muslim 32.8%, traditional 4.6%, other 1.8% (1994 census).

Languages: Amarigna 32.7%, Oromigna 31.6%, Tigrigna 6.1%, Somaligna 6%, Guaragigna 3.5%, Sidamigna 3.5%, Hadiyigna 1.7%, other 14.8%, English (major foreign language taught in schools) (1994 census).

Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 42.7% male: 50.3% female: 35.1% (2003 est.).

GDP (purchasing power parity): $74.88 billion (2006 est.).

GDP - real growth rate: 10.6% (2006 est.).

GDP - per capita (PPP): $1,000 (2006 est.).

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 46.7% industry: 12.9% services: 40.4% (2006 est.).

Labor force: 27.27 million (1999).

Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 80% industry: 8% services: 12% (1985).

Population below poverty line: 38.7% (FY05/06 est.).

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 3% highest 10%: 33.7% (1995).

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 13% (2006 est.).

Unemployment rate: NA%.

Budget: revenues: $2.679 billion expenditures: $3.388 billion; including capital expenditures of $788 million (2006 est.).

Agriculture - products: cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseed, cotton, sugarcane, potatoes, qat, cut flowers; hides, cattle, sheep, goats; fish.

Industries: food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, chemicals, metals processing, cement.

Industrial production growth rate: 7.4% (2001 est.).

Electricity - production: 2.294 billion kWh (2004).

Electricity - consumption: 2.133 billion kWh (2004).

Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2004).

Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2004).

Exports: $1.085 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Exports - commodities: coffee, qat, gold, leather products, live animals, oilseeds.

Exports - partners: Germany 15.5%, China 10.5%, Japan 8.5%, Saudi Arabia 6.9%, Djibouti 6.8%, Switzerland 6.4%, Italy 5.9%, US 5.5%, Netherlands 4.2% (2005).

Imports: $4.105 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Imports - commodities: food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles.

Imports - partners: Saudi Arabia 14.7%, China 12.6%, US 12.4%, India 6.7%, Italy 4.6% (2005).

Debt - external: $6.038 billion (2006 est.).

Economic aid - recipient: $1.6 billion (FY05/06).

Currency (code): birr (ETB).

Exchange rates: birr per US dollar - 8.69 (2006), 8.68 (2005), 8.6356 (2004), 8.5997 (2003), 8.5678 (2002) note: since 24 October 2001 exchange rates are determined on a daily basis via interbank transactions regulated by the Central Bank.

Fiscal year: 8 July - 7 July.