India

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Facts

Population: 1,129,866,154 (July 2007 est.).

Age structure: 0-14 years: 31.8% (male 188,208,196/female 171,356,024) 15-64 years: 63.1% (male 366,977,821/female 346,034,565) 65 years and over: 5.1% (male 27,258,259/female 30,031,289) (2007 est.).

Population growth rate: 1.606% (2007 est.).

Birth rate: 22.69 births/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Death rate: 6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Net migration rate: -0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Sex ratio: at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.098 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.061 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.908 male(s)/female total population: 1.064 male(s)/female (2007 est.).

Infant mortality rate: total: 34.61 deaths/1,000 live births male: 39.42 deaths/1,000 live births female: 29.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.).

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 68.59 years male: 66.28 years female: 71.17 years (2007 est.).

Total fertility rate: 2.81 children born/woman (2007 est.).

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.9% (2001 est.).

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 5.1 million (2001 est.).

HIV/AIDS - deaths: 310,000 (2001 est.).

Nationality: noun: Indian(s) adjective: Indian.

Ethnic groups: Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000).

Religions: Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census).

Languages: English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language.

Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 61% male: 73.4% female: 47.8% (2001 census).

GDP (purchasing power parity): $4.156 trillion (2006 est.).

GDP - real growth rate: 9.2% (2006 est.).

GDP - per capita (PPP): $3,800 (2006 est.).

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 19.9% industry: 19.3% services: 60.7% (2005 est.).

Labor force: 509.3 million (2006 est.).

Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 60% industry: 12% services: 28% (2003).

Population below poverty line: 25% (2002 est.).

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 3.5% highest 10%: 33.5% (1997).

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.3% (2006 est.).

Unemployment rate: 7.8% (2006 est.).

Budget: revenues: $109.4 billion expenditures: $143.8 billion; including capital expenditures of $15 billion (2006 est.).

Agriculture - products: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish.

Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software.

Industrial production growth rate: 7.5% (2006 est.).

Electricity - production: 630.6 billion kWh (2004).

Electricity - consumption: 587.9 billion kWh (2004).

Electricity - exports: 60 million kWh (2004).

Electricity - imports: 1.5 billion kWh (2004).

Exports: $112 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Exports - commodities: textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures.

Exports - partners: US 16.7%, UAE 8.5%, China 6.6%, Singapore 5.3%, UK 4.9%, Hong Kong 4.4% (2005).

Imports: $187.9 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Imports - commodities: crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals.

Imports - partners: China 7.3%, US 5.6%, Switzerland 4.7% (2005).

Debt - external: $132.1 billion (30 June 2006 est.).

Economic aid - recipient: $2.9 billion (FY98/99).

Currency (code): Indian rupee (INR).

Exchange rates: Indian rupees per US dollar - 45.3 (2006), 44.101 (2005), 45.317 (2004), 46.583 (2003), 48.61 (2002).

Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March.