Romania

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Facts

Population: 22,276,056 (July 2007 est.).

Age structure: 0-14 years: 15.6% (male 1,787,334/female 1,696,270) 15-64 years: 69.6% (male 7,721,160/female 7,793,063) 65 years and over: 14.7% (male 1,344,673/female 1,933,556) (2007 est.).

Population growth rate: -0.127% (2007 est.).

Birth rate: 10.67 births/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Death rate: 11.81 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Net migration rate: -0.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.).

Sex ratio: at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.054 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.991 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.695 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2007 est.).

Infant mortality rate: total: 24.6 deaths/1,000 live births male: 27.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 21.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.).

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 71.91 years male: 68.41 years female: 75.62 years (2007 est.).

Total fertility rate: 1.38 children born/woman (2007 est.).

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: less than 0.1% (2001 est.).

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 6,500 (2001 est.).

HIV/AIDS - deaths: 350 (2001 est.).

Nationality: noun: Romanian(s) adjective: Romanian.

Ethnic groups: Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4% (2002 census).

Religions: Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformate and Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) and unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1% (2002 census).

Languages: Romanian 91% (official), Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2%.

Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.3% male: 98.4% female: 96.3% (2002 census).

GDP (purchasing power parity): $202.2 billion (2006 est.).

GDP - real growth rate: 7.7% (2006 est.).

GDP - per capita (PPP): $9,100 (2006 est.).

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 10.1% industry: 34.7% services: 55.2% (2006 est.).

Labor force: 9.33 million (2006 est.).

Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 31.6% industry: 30.7% services: 37.7% (2004).

Population below poverty line: 25% (2005 est.).

Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.4% highest 10%: 27.6% (2003).

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 6.8% (2006 est.).

Unemployment rate: 6.1% (2006 est.).

Budget: revenues: $36.89 billion expenditures: $39.1 billion; including capital expenditures of $2.2 billion (2006 est.).

Agriculture - products: wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes, grapes; eggs, sheep.

Industries: textiles and footwear, light machinery and auto assembly, mining, timber, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining.

Industrial production growth rate: 5.7% (2006 est.).

Electricity - production: 54.53 billion kWh (2004).

Electricity - consumption: 49.62 billion kWh (2004).

Electricity - exports: 3.7 billion kWh (2004).

Electricity - imports: 2.6 billion kWh (2004).

Exports: $33 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Exports - commodities: textiles and footwear, metals and metal products, machinery and equipment, minerals and fuels, chemicals, agricultural products.

Exports - partners: Italy 19.4%, Germany 14%, Turkey 7.9%, France 7.4%, UK 5.5%, Hungary 4.1%, US 4.1% (2005).

Imports: $46.48 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.).

Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, fuels and minerals, chemicals, textile and products, basic metals, agricultural products.

Imports - partners: Italy 15.5%, Germany 14%, Russia 8.3%, France 6.8%, Turkey 4.9%, China 4.1% (2005).

Debt - external: $42.76 billion (2006 est.).

Currency (code): "new" leu (RON) was introduced in 2005; "old" leu (ROL) was phased out in 2006; note - because of currency revaluation, 10,000 ROL = 1 RON.

Exchange rates: lei per US dollar - 2.809 (2006), 3 (2005), 3 (2004), 3 (2003), 3 (2002).

Fiscal year: calendar year.