In November 1994,
the Security Council again used its Chapter VII power, adopting Resolution 955
and establishing a tribunal to try perpetrators of recent Rwandan massacres. The
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) has jurisdiction to prosecute
people for genocide, crimes against humanity, and violations of Article 3 common
to the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocol II committed between Jan. 1
and Dec. 31, 1994. Although the court's statute does not specify where it should
sit, the United Nations and Tanzania have agreed that trials should be conducted
in Arusha; appeals are heard in The Hague. Like the ICTY, this court is distant
in many ways from the country where the atrocities were committed. And again,
because of the invocation of Chapter VII, the ICTR's decisions are binding on
all U.N. member states.