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Beleaguered
Press
David Tam-Baryoh
WPR Correspondent
Freetown
In a country like Sierra Leone, where the peoples
quest for news about peace and security is insatiable, the functions
and effects of the available channels of communication cannot be
overemphasized.
Whether it has to do with the deployment of U.N. peacekeepers or
government pronouncements about which areas are rebel-free, sources
and dissemination of news for a population traumatized by 10 years
of civil war are very much desired and cherished. For a 4.5 million
population with an 85- percent illiteracy rate, radio has become
an effective tool and companion of many Sierra Leoneans. In the
words of a leading Sierra Leonean journalist, Sam Metzger, radios
are for all, while newspapers are for a few educated citizens.
Apart from physical threats to the lives of journalists, there are
various sociopolitical, and more especially, economic bottlenecks
to the sane and unhindered practice of journalism. The media industry
in Sierra Leone is not only underfinanced but individual businessmen
and women do not seem to see any need to invest in media. The badly
presented facts and mixed syntax that are often the trademark in
most published articles tend to lend credence to the reality that
the distance between the story writer and the means of production
of a newspaper in Sierra Leone is getting wider by day and more
dangerous every time an edition goes to bed.
Presently, there are three printing houses doing jobs for some 56
newspapers with an average of 10 publications of four-page newspapers
daily. These printing presses the newest purchased in 1973 are under-serviced
and overworked, with absolutely no spare parts available. The National
Power Authority (NPA) NPA is using outdated Japanese machines to
supply the city of Freetown with electricity; these machines have
to be overhauled, and during these servicing periods whole sections
of the city go without light.
In addition to these headaches, the chronic shortage or absence
of printing materials has been a thorn in the flesh. From the moment
stories are gathered and handwritten, the editor hardly has any
more control over his piece until he sees his paper with the vendor
on the street. Most of the newspapers do not have their own computers,
and rely heavily on the services of street-side typists in some
corner desktop publishing café, where the stories are typed
and if lucky, the editor or his ill-trained proofreader (for want
of a better description) might be given the opportunity to proofread
on screen.
Presently, the capital city, Freetown, has four radio stations.
Two are government-owned, while one of the two privately owned is
devoted to playing Christian music. Four provincial radio stations
serve some two and a half million people in the south, southeast,
and north. During the dry season (December to May) the FM Kiss 104,
broadcasting from the southern town of Bo some 175 miles from Freetown,
can be heard at the east end of the capital city. The only television
station in the country, based in Freetown, covers only half of the
city and due to incessant power cuts, only the affluent with generators
can watch it.
Many Sierra Leoneans have expressed concern over the dismal state
of the press. Sadly, this has not spurred the government to give
a helping hand. It appears that an ill-equipped and less professional
press is a delight to the government, which, in the absence of any
formidable political opposition, looks upon the press as its principal
antagonist.
To attempt a remedy of this situation, a few advocacy organizations
have been formed by practicing journalists and their supporters
abroad. The center for Media, Education and Technology (C-MET),
which began operation in Freetown in July 2000 [but was officially
launched in December], has supplied 19 computers, scanners, and
printers to several media houses and has embarked upon training
media practitioners from both private and state-owned media.
Supported with funds from the British government, the Thompson Foundation
has also outlined various training programs, while the Sierra Leone
Association of Journalists has conducted several training sessions
for its members. Through the Canadian Journalists Federation for
Free Expression (CJFE), the Canada International Development Agency
plans to provide a giant printing press for the use of Freetowns
innumerable newspaper houses.
December 2001
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